Compare Samoa (2002) - British Indian Ocean Territory (2003)

Compare Samoa (2002) z British Indian Ocean Territory (2003)

	Samoa (2002)	British Indian Ocean Territory (2003)

Administrative divisions	11 districts; A'ana, Aiga-i-le-Tai, Atua, Fa'asaleleaga, Gaga'emauga, Gagaifomauga, Palauli, Satupa'itea, Tuamasaga, Va'a-o-Fonoti, Vaisigano	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 30.6% (male 27,774; female 26,854) 15-64 years: 63.5% (male 71,358; female 42,150) 65 years and over: 5.9% (male 4,859; female 5,636) (2002 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	coconuts, bananas, taro, yams	-
Airports	3 (2001)	1 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2002)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002)	-
Area	total: 2,944 sq km land: 2,934 sq km water: 10 sq km	total: 60 sq km land: 60 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Rhode Island	about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	New Zealand occupied the German protectorate of Western Samoa at the outbreak of World War I in 1914. It continued to administer the islands as a mandate and then as a trust territory until 1962, when the islands became the first Polynesian nation to reestablish independence in the 20th century. The country dropped the "Western" from its name in 1997.	Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order that had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.
Birth rate	15.53 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $105 million expenditures: $119 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001/2002)	-
Capital	Apia	-
Climate	tropical; rainy season (October to March), dry season (May to October)	tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline	403 km	698 km
Constitution	1 January 1962	-
Country name	conventional long form: Independent State of Samoa conventional short form: Samoa former: Western Samoa	conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT
Currency	tala (WST)	-
Death rate	6.35 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-
Debt - external	$192 million (1999)	-
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: the Ambassador to New Zealand is accredited to Samoa embassy: 5th floor John Williams Building, Beach Road, Apia mailing address: P. O. Box 3430, Apia telephone: [685] 21631 FAX: [685] 22030	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Tuiloma Neroni SLADE chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400D, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 599-6196, 6197 FAX: [1] (212) 599-0797	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	none	Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago and its former inhabitants, who reside chiefly in Mauritius, but in 2001 were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation since eviction in 1965; repatriation is complicated by the US military lease of Diego Garcia, the largest island in the chain
Economic aid - recipient	$42.9 million (1995) (1995)	-
Economy - overview	The economy of Samoa has traditionally been dependent on development aid, family remittances from overseas, and agricultural exports. The country is vulnerable to devastating storms. Agriculture employs two-thirds of the labor force, and furnishes 90% of exports, featuring coconut cream, coconut oil, and copra. The manufacturing sector mainly processes agricultural products. The decline of fish stocks in the area is a continuing problem. Tourism is an expanding sector, accounting for 16% of GDP; about 85,000 tourists visited the islands in 2000. The Samoan Government has called for deregulation of the financial sector, encouragement of investment, and continued fiscal discipline. Observers point to the flexibility of the labor market as a basic strength for future economic advances. Foreign reserves are in a relatively healthy state, the external debt is stable, and inflation is low.	All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing.
Electricity - consumption	95.79 million kWh (2000)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)	-
Electricity - production	103 million kWh (2000)	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 59% hydro: 41% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mauga Silisili 1,857 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m
Environment - current issues	soil erosion	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	Samoan 92.6%, Euronesians 7% (persons of European and Polynesian blood), Europeans 0.4%	-
Exchange rates	tala per US dollar - 3.5236 (January 2002), 3.4722 (2001), 3.2712 (2000), 3.0120 (1999), 2.9429 (1998), 2.5562 (1997)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: Chief Tanumafili II MALIETOA (cochief of state from 1 January 1962 until becoming sole chief of state 5 April 1963) head of government: Prime Minister Sailele Malielegaoi TUILA'EPA (since 24 November 1998); note - TUILA'EPA served as deputy prime minister from 1992 until he assumed the prime ministership in November 1998, when former Prime Minister TOFILAU Eti Alesana resigned in poor health; the post of deputy prime minister is currently vacant cabinet: Cabinet consists of 12 members, appointed by the chief of state with the prime minister's advice elections: upon the death of Chief Tanumafili II MALIETOA, a new chief of state will be elected by the Legislative Assembly to serve a five-year term; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually appointed prime minister by the chief of state with the approval of the Legislative Assembly	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner Alan HUCKLE (since 2001); Administrator Louise SAVILL (since NA); note - both reside in the UK cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch
Exports	$17 million f.o.b. (2000)	-
Exports - commodities	fish, coconut oil and cream, copra, taro, garments, beer	-
Exports - partners	Australia 62%, Indonesia 13%, US 11%, American Samoa 3%, New Zealand 3% (2000)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	red with a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side quadrant bearing five white five-pointed stars representing the Southern Cross constellation	white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP	purchasing power parity - $618 million (2001 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 16% industry: 18% services: 66% (2000 est.)	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $3,500 (2001 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	6% (2001 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	13 35 S, 172 20 W	6 00 S, 71 30 E
Geography - note	occupies an almost central position within Polynesia	archipelago of 2,300 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility
Highways	total: 836 km paved: 267 km unpaved: 569 km (1983)	total: NA km paved: short section of paved road between port and airfield on Diego Garcia unpaved: NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	$90 million f.o.b. (2000)	-
Imports - commodities	machinery and equipment, industrial supplies, foodstuffs	-
Imports - partners	Australia 27%, US 26%, New Zealand 14%, Fiji 12%, Japan 9% (2000)	-
Independence	1 January 1962 (from New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship)	-
Industrial production growth rate	2.8% (2000)	-
Industries	food processing, building materials, auto parts	-
Infant mortality rate	30.74 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.5% (2001 est.)	-
International organization participation	ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, OPCW (signatory), Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer)	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Court of Appeal	-
Labor force	90,000 (2000 est.)	-
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 65%, services 30%, industry 5% (1995 est.)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 19.43% permanent crops: 23.67% other: 56.9% (1998 est.)	arable land: NEGL permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages	Samoan (Polynesian), English	-
Legal system	based on English common law and local customs; judicial review of legislative acts with respect to fundamental rights of the citizen; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fono (49 seats - 47 elected by Samoans, 2 elected by non-Samoans; only chiefs or matai may stand for election to the Fono; members serve five-year terms) elections: byelection last held NA November 2001 (next byelection to be held 29 March 2002) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - HRPP 30, SNDP 13, independents 6	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 69.8 years male: 67.06 years female: 72.69 years (2002 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 80% male: 81% female: 79% (1999)	-
Location	Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand	archipelago in the Indian Ocean, south of India, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia
Map references	Oceania	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine	total: 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 7,091 GRT/ 8,127 DWT ships by type: cargo 1 note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: Germany 1 (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	Samoa has no formal defense structure or regular armed forces; informal defense ties exist with NZ, which is required to consider any Samoan request for assistance under the 1962 Treaty of Friendship	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
Military branches	no regular armed services; Samoa Police Force	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA%	-
National holiday	Independence Day Celebration, 1 June (1962); note - 1 January 1962 is the date of independence from the New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship, 1 June 1962 is the date that independence is celebrated	-
Nationality	noun: Samoan(s) adjective: Samoan	-
Natural hazards	occasional typhoons; active volcanism	NA
Natural resources	hardwood forests, fish, hydropower	coconuts, fish, sugarcane
Net migration rate	-11.64 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	Christian Democratic Party [leader NA]; Human Rights Protection Party or HRPP [Sailele Malielegaoi TUILA'EPA, chairman]; Samoa All People's Party or SAPP [Matatumua NAIMOAGA]; Samoan National Development Party or SNDP [LE MAMEA Ropati, chairman] (opposition); Samoa National Party [FETU Tiatia, party secretary]; Samoan Progressive Conservative Party [LEOTA Ituau Ale]; Samoan United Independent Party or SUIP [leader NA]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	178,631 (July 2002 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles in the 1960's and 1970's, in November 2000 they were granted the right of return by a British High Court ruling, though no timetable has been set; in 2001, there were approximately 1,500 UK and US military personnel and 2,000 civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	-0.25% (2002 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Apia, Asau, Mulifanua, Salelologa	Diego Garcia
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	174,849 (1997)	-
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Christian 99.7% (about one-half of population associated with the London Missionary Society; includes Congregational, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Latter-Day Saints, Seventh-Day Adventist)	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.69 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female total population: 1.39 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	-
Suffrage	21 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)	general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use	8,183 (1998)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	1,545 (February 1998)	-
Television broadcast stations	6 (1997)	1 (1997)
Terrain	narrow coastal plain with volcanic, rocky, rugged mountains in interior	flat and low (most areas do not exceed four meters in elevation)
Total fertility rate	3.3 children born/woman (2002 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	NA%; note - substantial underemployment	-
Waterways	none	none

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